Renal Profile

About Test:

The Renal Profile is a panel of blood tests to evaluate kidney health. This profile helps in the early diagnosis of problems with the kidney and monitor patients facing kidney failure. It also helps gauge the risk for issues in cases of conditions such as diabetes mellitus. In case of kidney failure, this profile helps to understand how often to give dialysis, and monitor treatment

Bun:

This blood test measures Blood urea Nitrogen (BUN), which is a waste product formed in the liver from proteins and amino acids, expelled and filtered by the kidneys into the urine. In impaired kidneys, higher levels are seen.

Creatinine: 

This blood test measures levels of Creatinine, which is a waste product from the muscles, filtered out by the kidneys. Creatinine is not dependent on diet, hydration or breaking down of proteins, and thus, is more accurate to judge for kidney issues. Creatinine ratio is used to pinpoint the cause of kidney failure. 

Uric acid: This test measures levels of blood uric acid, which is a waste product often produced from foods like red meat, and released in urine. Uric acid levels in kidney failure cases are usually quite high

Calcium:

This test helps to measure blood calcium levels. Calcium, obtained especially from dairy products, helps in bone formation, functioning of the heart, nerves. In chronic kidney disease, calcium levels are low because such disease can affect bone metabolism.

Phosphorous:

This test helps measure blood phosphorous levels. Phosphorous aids in formation of new bones, muscle and nerve function, and helps maintain acid-base balance. Levels are seen to be higher in chronic kidney disease, and in nephritis.

Estimation of serum electrolytes:

This blood test measures sodium, potassium and chloride levels. Electrolytes have electric charge and help in maintaining balance within the body, in muscle function, and in acid-base balance. Abnormal kidney functioning may cause electrolyte imbalances

Total Proteins:

This test helps to measure levels of specific proteins (albumin, globulin) in the blood. If ratio between albumin and globulin levels is outside the regular range, it might indicate a chance of kidney disease.

Cholesterol:

This blood test measures cholesterol levels. Cholesterol is a lipid (A kind of fat) in the blood, and those with cholesterol are more likely to show chronic kidney issues, as well as nephrotic syndrome.

Urine routine:

This test of the urine is a cost-effective screening to evaluate color, appearance, volume, density, pH, glucose, proteins, blood cells, glucose, bile salts, pigments and infective elements in the urine. Presence of red blood cells, pus cells, and crystals may give an idea about kidney issues

Bicarbonate:

This blood test measures levels of bicarbonate, which is important for acid-base balance. In kidney failure, levels reduce, and this leads to high acid concentration in kidneys (metabolic acidosis).